{"id":216,"date":"2022-09-19T20:04:36","date_gmt":"2022-09-19T18:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/?p=216"},"modified":"2022-09-19T20:04:36","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T18:04:36","slug":"mereni-srazek-a-destove-vody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/mereni-srazek-a-destove-vody\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek a de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek bude o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hladiny v n\u00e1dr\u017ei na de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu v kombinaci se sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brem. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed a nastaven\u00ed serveru<\/a> se ji\u017e v\u011bnovat nebudu, p\u016fjdeme rovnou na v\u011bc a uk\u00e1\u017eeme si jak pou\u017e\u00edt ultrazvukov\u00fd modul na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti a jednoduch\u00fd sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011br.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sr\u00e1\u017eky a stav vody v n\u00e1dr\u017ei za posledn\u00edch 5 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

V na\u0161em dom\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed 10m3 n\u00e1dr\u017e na de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu. Je za domem a jej\u00ed v\u00edko je aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zadeklovan\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm plechem. De\u0161\u0165ovou vodu hodn\u011b u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me k z\u00e1vlaze zahrady, zeleniny, um\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed apod. Tak\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bt kolik j\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1me, kolik m\u016f\u017eeme kde pou\u017e\u00edt a jak s n\u00ed hospoda\u0159it se prost\u011b hod\u00ed. Chodit se tam poka\u017ed\u00e9 koukat by jist\u011b \u0161lo, ale nen\u00ed to \u00fapln\u011b pohodln\u00e9 a hlavn\u011b by s t\u00edm nebyla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00e1bava. Proto jsem se rozhodl, \u017ee chci n\u011bjak m\u011b\u0159it a v \u010dase ukl\u00e1dat mno\u017estv\u00ed vody v n\u00e1dr\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Zva\u017eoval jsem r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy a op\u011bt nejd\u0159\u00edv hledal hotov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, le\u010d nena\u0161el. Po prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161emo\u017en\u00fdch plov\u00e1k\u016f apod. m\u011b zaujala mo\u017enost m\u011b\u0159it hladinu ultrazvukov\u00fdm senzorem vzd\u00e1lenosti. Z po\u010d\u00e1tku jsem se ob\u00e1val, \u017ee bude probl\u00e9m, \u017ee m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nebude na hladin\u011b kapaliny fungovat, ale uk\u00e1zalo se to (v r\u00e1mci mo\u017enost\u00ed) jako velmi spolehliv\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ultrazvukov\u00fd Vodot\u011bsn\u00fd Modul pro M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed Vzd\u00e1lenosti JSN-SR04T<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ultrazvukov\u00fdch senzor\u016f se prod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edcero. J\u00e1 jsem s\u00e1hnul po vodot\u011bsn\u00e9 verzi. Dle vzhledu zakon\u010den\u00ed to je nejsp\u00ed\u0161 to sam\u00e9 nebo hodn\u011b podobn\u00e9 co se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v autech pro parkovac\u00ed senzory. Senzor um\u00ed m\u011b\u0159it od cca 20cm do 4m vzd\u00e1lenosti, p\u0159esnost m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed 1cm, co\u017e je \u00fapln\u011b dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed prototyp jsem si ud\u011blal nejd\u0159\u00edve v oby\u010dejn\u00e9 IBC n\u00e1dr\u017ei na chalup\u011b, kde jsme na ja\u0159e 2020 byli schovan\u00ed p\u0159ed covidem. Senzor jsem prot\u00e1hnul n\u011bjakou trubkou a prk\u00fdnkem a postavil na horn\u00ed d\u00edru n\u00e1dr\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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P\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1m uk\u00e1zku k\u00f3du do Arudina. Nebudu tentokr\u00e1t vypisovat cel\u00fd k\u00f3d, pro uk\u00e1zku MQTT p\u0159ipojen\u00ed apod. se m\u016f\u017eete pod\u00edvat do jin\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#include <NewPing.h>\n\/\/.. some more includes\n\n\/\/ Sonar setup\n#define pinTrigger    D7\n#define pinEcho       D8\n#define maxDistance 450\nNewPing sonar(pinTrigger, pinEcho, maxDistance);\n\n\/\/.. some other definitions\n\nvoid sendMeasurments()\n{\n  \/\/ Get water level\n  int distance[5]; \n  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)\n  {\n    delay(2000);\n    distance[i] = sonar.ping_cm();\n  }\n\n  \/\/ Send message\n  snprintf (msg, MSG_BUFFER_SIZE, \"{\\\"distance\\\": [%d,%d,%d,%d,%d]}\", distance[0], distance[1], distance[2], distance[3], distance[4]);\n  Serial.print(\"Publish message: \");\n  Serial.println(msg);\n  client.publish(mqtt_topic, msg);\n}\n\nvoid setup() {\n  \/\/ Wifi, mqtt, serial or other setup\n  \/\/ Sonar is ready no need to set anything more\n}\n\nvoid loop()\n{\n  \/\/ some simple loop to check mqtt and wifi connection and call sendMeasurments() in specified interval\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Jak si m\u016f\u017eete v\u0161imnout, osv\u011bd\u010dilo se mi nam\u011b\u0159it t\u011bch hodnot v\u00edce s \u010dasov\u00fdm odstupem. Posl\u00e9ze pak d\u011bl\u00e1m to, \u017ee je pr\u016fm\u011bruji a kontroluji, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se mi dost\u00e1v\u00e1 trochu \u010dist\u0161\u00edch graf\u016f. To pak prob\u00edh\u00e1 u\u017e na serveru v Node-RED a je to celkem primitivn\u00ed (i kdy\u017e z\u00e1pis vypad\u00e1 dlouh\u00fd). K\u00f3d je u\u017e pro fin\u00e1ln\u00ed verzi na velk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ei doma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
p = JSON.parse(msg.payload);\n\nvar distances = [];\nvar count = 0;\nfor(var i = 0; i < 5; i++)\n{\n    if(p.distance[i] != 0)\n    {\n       distances[count] = p.distance[i];\n       count++;\n    }\n}\n\nif(count == 0)\n{\n    msg.payload = -1;\n    return msg;\n}\n\nvar distance = 0;\nfor(var i = 0; i < count; i++)\n{\n    distance += distances[i];\n}\ndistance = distance \/ count;\n\/\/node.warn(\"Calculated distance: \" + distance);\n\nif (distance < 20)\n{\n    distance = 20;\n}\n\nvar d = distance * 0.01; \/\/ Centimeters to meters\n\nvar H = 1.62;\nvar l = H - d;\nvar v = l * 7.2 * 1000;\n\/\/ max = 10440\n\nif(v < 0)\n{\n    v = 0;\n}\n\nmsg.payload = v;\nreturn msg;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Na za\u010d\u00e1tku odstran\u00edm v\u0161echny nuly, kter\u00e9 ob\u010das senzor vrac\u00ed a zbyl\u00e9 hodnoty zpr\u016fm\u011bruji. Pokud je nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 hodnota men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20cm, tak bude m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nejsp\u00ed\u0161 u\u017e nep\u0159esn\u00e9 a tak zarovn\u00e1m hodnotu na 20. N\u00e1sleduje v\u00fdpo\u010det objemu. Na\u0161e n\u00e1dr\u017e m\u00e1 na v\u00fd\u0161ku 162cm, p\u0159epad je um\u00edst\u011bn cca 20cm pod okrajem. Tzn. voda by nikdy nem\u011bla b\u00fdt v\u00fd\u0161 ne\u017e t\u011bch po\u017eadova\u00fdch 20cm. Hodnota 7,2 ud\u00e1v\u00e1 kolik litr\u016f vody znamen\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny o 1mm. Kdy\u017e tedy po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me, \u017ee maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dos\u00e1hneme v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny 1,42cm, tak n\u00e1m vych\u00e1z\u00ed, \u017ee celkov\u00fd objem n\u00e1dr\u017ee je 10 224 litr\u016f. Ten \u00fadaj 10 440 je re\u00e1ln\u011b nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd objem (d\u00e9lka x \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka x hloubka), kter\u00fd jsem si pak n\u011bjak zaokrouhlil, aby se to bl\u00ed\u017eilo. Nejde n\u00e1m tu o n\u011bjakou super p\u0159esnost, v praxi sta\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e to sed\u00ed na stovky litr\u016f a\u017e kub\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Pohled na nastaven\u00ed v Node-RED<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
V re\u00e1lu m\u00e1m v Node-RED jak vid\u00edte je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 teplom\u011bry, to abych v\u011bd\u011bl, jestli mi u\u017e n\u00e1dr\u017e (nen\u00ed izolovan\u00e1) nezamrz\u00e1. V\u00fd\u0161e uvden\u00fd k\u00f3d je pak pro node „water volume calculation“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A kdy\u017e takto data sb\u00edr\u00e1me, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e si je pak zobrazit v Grafan\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad takto. Toto je p\u016fvodn\u00ed verze pro kub\u00edkovou IBC n\u00e1dr\u017e na chalup\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n
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Tak\u017ee po spolehliv\u00e9m otestov\u00e1n\u00ed na chalup\u011b nezb\u00fdvalo ne\u017e to sam\u00e9 prov\u00e9st i doma. Senzor je prota\u017een pod plechem a je tam \u00fapln\u011b primitivn\u011b nalepen na mamuta zespodu v takov\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b, aby m\u011bl voln\u00fd „v\u00fdhled“ na hladinu, tzn. aby okolo nebyly n\u011bjak\u00e9 hadice a \u010derpadlo nebo dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci co jsou v n\u00e1dr\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ten senzor m\u00e1 n\u011bjak\u00fd \u00fahel v\u00fdhledu pod kter\u00fdm kouk\u00e1, proto si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt\u00ed v 4m dlouh\u00e9 \u00fazk\u00e9 trubce by bylo problematick\u00e9. Ale v n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch, kde je velk\u00e1 plocha hladiny to funguje p\u011bkn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kdy\u017e u\u017e m\u011b\u0159\u00edme kolik m\u00e1me de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody, je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 k tomu p\u0159idat i mo\u017enost m\u011b\u0159it mno\u017estv\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek. Toto za v\u00e1s dneska obstar\u00e1 kdejak\u00e1 meteostanice, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 tento senzor. J\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou meteostanici nem\u00e1m, tak\u017ee jsem si objednal extra sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd senzor, nap\u0159\u00edklad tento<\/a>. J\u00e1 to tehdy obejdn\u00e1val odn\u011bkud z \u010d\u00edny, ale je to to sam\u00e9. Je to velmi primitivn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, vevnit\u0159 je vani\u010dka, kter\u00e1 kdy\u017e se napln\u00ed, tak se p\u0159eklop\u00ed a po\u0161le impulz. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed impulz\u016f je pak tedy analogick\u00e9 jako u m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Tento senzor ud\u00e1v\u00e1 0.2794mm \/ impulz. Pro test do toho sta\u010d\u00ed nal\u00edt zn\u00e1m\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody a poslouchat, kolikr\u00e1t to „klapne“, m\u011b to celkem sed\u011blo. Senzor pak um\u00edstit n\u011bkam ven, ide\u00e1ln\u011b mimo dosah d\u011bt\u00ed a rozvern\u00fdch kamar\u00e1d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co jsme z graf\u016f zjistili?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159id\u00e1m p\u00e1r zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed, k \u010demu n\u00e1m to bylo dobr\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
  • V\u011bd\u011bli jsme p\u0159esn\u011b kolik m\u00e1me vody a jak s n\u00ed hospoda\u0159it (v kombinaci s p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed)<\/li>
  • Na ja\u0159e bylo kr\u00e1sn\u011b vid\u011bt (v kombinaci se sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brem), \u017ee \u010dist\u00e9 gajgry na okapov\u00fdch svodech maj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na \u00fa\u010dinnost sb\u011bru de\u0161\u0165ovky (p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek za\u010dalo p\u0159ib\u00fdvat v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce) – tzn. fakt tam je dobr\u00fd ob\u010das kouknout a vy\u010distit.<\/li>
  • Na za\u010d\u00e1tku bylo pot\u0159eba n\u00e1dr\u017e opravit – vy\u010distit a zelepit d\u00edry. P\u0159i\u0161li bychom na to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i jinak, ale sledov\u00e1n\u00ed graf\u016f pomohlo odhalit \u017ee n\u00e1dr\u017e te\u010de a je pot\u0159eba j\u00ed znovu zkontrolovat. Pak bylo ji\u017e v\u0161e bez probl\u00e9mu.<\/li>
  • M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny odhalilo, \u017ee m\u00e1 instalace \u010derpadla nebyla tak bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e1. \u010cerpadlo se m\u00e1 po dosa\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho tlaku vypnout, tzn. kdy\u017e vypnu v\u0161echny kohouty na hadic\u00edch, m\u011blo by p\u0159estat \u010derpat. Ne v\u0161ak pokud je n\u011bkde n\u011bjak\u00e1 net\u011bsnost. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159eba elekt\u0159iny v kombinaci s t\u00edm, \u017ee jsme v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee je \u010derpadlo spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 a \u017ee voda v n\u00e1dr\u017ei neub\u00fdv\u00e1 vedlo ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee v rozvodech v n\u00e1dr\u017ei jsou net\u011bsnosti, d\u00edky kter\u00fdm \u010derpadlo b\u011b\u017e\u00ed neust\u00e1le. A ten odb\u011br proudu nebyl mal\u00fd. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed je prost\u00e9 – \u010derpadlo d\u016fsledn\u011b vyp\u00ednat a na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9to v\u0161echny rozvody p\u0159et\u011bsnit. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b bez m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed spot\u0159eby bychom na to nep\u0159i\u0161li. Za jeden den b\u011bhu \u010derpadla se tam prop\u00e1lilo zhruba 10kWh energie nav\u00edc.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    Oblasti se zv\u00fd\u0161enou spot\u0159ebou d\u00edky b\u011bhu \u010derpadla, co sloupe\u010dek to hodina<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek bude o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hladiny v n\u00e1dr\u017ei na de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu v kombinaci se sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brem. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed a nastaven\u00ed serveru se ji\u017e v\u011bnovat nebudu, p\u016fjdeme rovnou na v\u011bc a uk\u00e1\u017eeme si jak pou\u017e\u00edt ultrazvukov\u00fd modul na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti a jednoduch\u00fd sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011br.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=216"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":246,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216\/revisions\/246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berlinger.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}